| Orthopedic Concepts |
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This section has been made to give you a brief explanation about foot conditions. Once you have identified them, you can visit an orthopedic professional| if necessary. . YOUR FOOT DURING THE GROWING YEARS: It is important to know the foot development stages, in order to identify what is normal and what is a pathological condition. First year. Foot is a cartilaginous limb, vulnerable to external agents. When a child gives his first steps it is important to avoid overweight and give support with the correct shoe, by controlling heel´s position and avoiding pressure on the toes with a flexible sole. One to three years: Child is trying to find his own support position; you do not have to rush a diagnosis, this is a transition to “normal”. Sometimes, children fell down very often; some children show their feet inwards, some others outwards. During this time, there is a transition between “genum varum” (bow legs) to “genum valgum” (knock knee, see drawing 6) or vice versa. There is a moment when the legs’ muscles are stronger, and there is an increase of fat in the foot plant which makes it look like a false flat feet. So at this age it is very difficult to identify a condition. Four years, and older. There are physiological changes on the legs rotation due to a progressive diminishing of the femoral neck anteversion and the external rotation in the shinbone, which makes an influence in the way of walking. The varization angle of the talus bone diminishes, and it makes that the adduct foot and valgum flat foot tendency(which is a characteristic in children feet between the first and the 5th year), is corrected. If after the fourth year any of these previous conditions is still there, you have to go to an orthopedic specialist, who has to consider many factors before he determines if the child requires an special treatment. We recommend you to visit the ORTHOPEDICS MEXICAN SOCIETY www.smo.com.mx Our footwear main function is to avoid these conditions on your kids that can cause more complex situations that do not allow him to have a normal development. There are three scales handled: decimal (used in Mexico), and French and English scale. has clic aquí to download a ruler with the three different measurements. Back footl: Is the back part of the foot (heel)
VARUM FOOT: is a deformity marked by medial angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh, an outward bowing of the legs, giving the appearance of a bow. VALGUM FOOT: Is he outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint. Is the opposite of a varum foot.
Foot always has to be explored on the back TALUS FOOT: Only supports the step with the heel.
EQUINUS: is a condition in which the upward bending motion of the ankle is limited. Someone with equinus lacks the flexibility to bring the top of the foot toward the front of the leg. Equinus can occur in one or both feet. When it involves both feet, the limitation of motion is sometimes worse in one foot than in the other. KNOCK-KNEES: Knock-knees is a lay term that refers to how the knee line up with the hip and ankle. In a normal standing position, if someone's knees are touching, then their ankles will also touch. In a person with genu valgum, when the knees touch, a good distance separates the ankles and the knees “knock” together. SUPINATED FOOT: Supination is the opposite of pronation and refers to the outward roll of the foot during normal motion. PRONATED FOOT: Pronation refers to the inward roll of the foot during normal motion and occurs as the outer edge of the heel strikes the ground and the foot rolls inward and flattens out. ADDUCT FOOT: A motion pulls the foot towards the midline of the body bringing the knees together. PIE ABDUCTO: El antepié se desvía hacia fuera Pronation supination FLAT FOOT: Turned-out heel (valgum) makes foot arch is sunken, and provokes outward roll of the foot (supination) Flat foot Normal foot CORRECT BODY POSTURE: Some kids develop a stoop because of a flat foot.
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